Surah Al-Qaari’ah – Chapter 101 – Lesson No.19.

1^st February 1998 – 2/3 Shawwal 1418 –

بسم الله الرّحمن الرّحيم

ربّ اشرحلي صدري ويسّرلي أمري واحلل عُقدة مّن لُّلساني يفقهو قولي

الحمد لله ربّ العالَمين والعاقبة اللمتّقين والصّلوةُ والسّلام على رسولك سيّدنا محمّد

وأاله وأصحابه وأهل بيته وأهل طاعتك أجمعين – أمّا بعد

أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرّجيم

بسم الله الرّحمن الرّحيم

الْقَارِعَةُ ¤ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ ¤ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْقَارِعَةُ ¤ يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ¤ وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنفُوشِ ¤ فَأَمَّا مَن ثَقُلَتْ مَوَازِينُهُ ¤ فَهُوَ فِي عِيشَةٍ رَّاضِيَةٍ ¤ وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَفَّتْ مَوَازِينُهُ ¤ فَأُمُّهُ هَاوِيَةٌ ¤ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا هِيَهْ ¤ نَارٌ حَامِيَةٌ ¤

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.
1 The calamity! The Great Disaster
2 What is the calamity? What is the Great Disaster
3 And what will make thee know how terrible is the calamity?
4 The day wherein men will be as scattered moths,
5 And the mountains will be as carded wool.
6 Then as for him whose measure (of good deeds) is heavy,
7 He will live a pleasant life.
8 And as for him whose measure (of good deeds) is light,
9 The abyss is a mother to him.
10 And what will make thee know what that is?
11 A burning Fire.

My dearest Brothers, My Dearest Sisters and my Dearest Children

السّلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

Today, Insha Allah, we will begin the exegesis of the next Verse – Verse No. 5

وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ الْمَنْفُوشِ

101.5 And the mountains will be like carded wool.

We take the word – “Jabal” as the words “Thakoonu” has been explained in our earlier lessons, when we were explaining the word “Yakoon” and its derivatives -  the previous verse:

يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ

101.4 (It is) a Day whereon men will be like moths scattered about,

We will take the words  جبل  -  and its derivatives and then go on to synonyms.

Mountain –   جَبَلْ

Iceberg جَبَلُ جَلِيْدِ  –

Volcano جَبَلُ نَارٌ  –

Mountainous, mountain, mountainy, montane جَبَليِّ – مُخْتَصَّ بِا لْجِبَال –

mountaineer, highlander   -  سَاكِنُ الْجِبَال  –

Synonyms – جِبْلَة  -  بِلازْمَا  -  جِبْلَةٌ اُوْلَى – Meaning:

Plasma  -  the liquid part of blood, lymph or milk – protoplasm

Protoplasm – living matter, the physical basis of life

Protoplasmic – he who, or that which was first formed

An original, The First Parent

[Greek :.protos-first, plasma-form, plassein-to form.

جَبَلَ  -  صَاغَ  -  صَوَّرَ  -  خَلَقَ

To mold – To mould, fashion, form shape, frame, work, create, make - to knead

To blunge –   جَبَل الطَّيْنَ

زَادَ الطَّيْنَ بِلَّةَ

To aggravate, complicate, worsen the situation, make things even worse, add fuel to the fire, add yeast to the brew

theena, jibillah, khilkah- طِيْنَ  -  جِبِلَّة  -  خِلْقَة

nature, disposition, inborn-character, make-up, set up, composition structure, construction

clay argil, mud, mire, slime, lute, mortar طِيْن  -

-  خِلْقَةto have a natural disposition, propensity, tendency, aptitude, inclination for, be disposed by nature.  to be innate - inherent, inborn-in someone/someones nature.

Means     -  خَلقََة – خِرقَة -      Rag, Tatter and Shred as well

thabee'ah

nature  طَبِيْعَة  -  عَالَمُ الْكَا ئِنَات- قُوَّةٌ فِى الْكَوْن – جَوْهَر – طَبِيْعَة – سَجِيَّة - خُلُق  -

Physics    -  .عِلْمُ الطَبِيْعَة

ipso facto, by the very nature of the case-  Certainly, for sure. to be sure – بِطَبِيْعَةِ الحَال

وَقُلْ جَاءَ الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا

17.81 And say: "Truth has (now) arrived, and Falsehood perished: for Falsehood is (by its nature) bound to perish."

nature worship    عِبَادَةُ الّطَبِيْعَة -

geophysics, عِلْمُ طَبِيْعَةِ الأرض  -

supernatural, metaphysical – transcendental فَوْقَ الطبِيْعَة -

)metaphysics (first principles of nature and thought)  مَا وَرَا ءَ الطَّبِيْعَة  -

)ontology or the science of being

natural, native, innate, inborn, inherent, inbred فِطْرِىّ  -  بَسِيْط  -

normal regular, ordinary, usual, عَدِيّ  -

natural standard بَسِيْط  -

simple, native, plain, unadorned, ordinary. طَبِيْعِيّ  -

physical خَاصّ بِالطَّبِيِعِيَّات  -

Physicist – عَالِمٌ بِالطَّبِيِعِيَّات

physical geography, physiography  جُغْرَافِيَّا طَبيْعِيَّة  -

natural rights حَق طَبِيْعِيْ – حُقُوْقٌ طَّبِيِعِيَّة    -

natural person شَخْصٌ بِالطَّبِيِعِيَّ    -

natural gas   -  غَازٌ طَبِيْعِيّ  -

natural law, laws of nature قَانُوْن طَبِيْعِيّ    -

natural sciences,  physical sciences العُلُوْمُ الطَّبِيْعِيةّ    -

natural resources مَوَارِدُ الطَّبِيْعِيّة    -

jawhar  جَوْهَر - - Synonyms – مَا هِيَّة  -  لُبَّ  -  مَادَّة

essence, quiddity, quintessence, essential nature, intrinsic nature, gist, pith, core, marrow, kernel substance, matter, content

jewel,gem جَوْهَر – حَجْرٌ  كَرِيْم -                 atom, monad جَوْهَر فَرْد -

thurab – ghubar تُرَاب - غُبَار  -

earth dust, dirt, soil ground

to bury, inter, inhume وَارَاهُ التُّرَاب  -

Earthالْغَبْرَاء  -  الأرض  -

The Poor, Paupers بَنُوْ غَبرَاءُ   -

Barren, UnproductiveUnfruitful  yearسَنَةٌ غَبْرَاءُ   -

ghubar  - ghabrah – dust  غُبَار - غَبْرَة -

Dust Colourلَوْنُ الغُبَار  -

volcanic dust-    غُبَارٌ بُرْكَانِيْ   -

pollen  غُبَارُ الطَّلْعُ  -

cosmic dust  غُبَارٌ كَوْنِيّ  -

fall-out  غُبَارٌ نَوَوِيّ  -

لاَ غُبَارَ عَلَيْهِ

irreproachable, unimpeachable,impeccable, immaculate, untouchable, faultless, flawleess, unobjectionable.-   unsurpassed, unrivalled, unequalled, unparalleled. unmatched, matchless,  peerless, incomparable.

هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مَا فِي الأرْضِ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَسَوَّاهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ

2029 It is He Who hath created for you all things that are on earth; Moreover His design comprehended the heavens, for He gave order and perfection to the seven firmaments; and of all things He hath perfect knowledge.

thabee'ah – binyah – طَبِيْعَة - بِنْيَة

structure, setup, constitution construction, composition, physique, build, morphology, from; fabric, texture

infrastructure, substructure – بِنْيَةٌ تَحْتِيَّة -

super structure – بِنْيَة فَو ْقِيَّة -

weak, feeble, frail, delicate ضَعِيْفُ لِبْنِيَّة  -

able-bodied, strong, sturdy, husky, burly, stout. قَوِيُّ لِبْنِيَّة  -

- كَا"ka" - as, like, similar to; the same as, such as

'ihn - عِهْن

wool, coloured wool – عِهْن – صُوْف – صُوْفٌ مَصْبُوْغ

fleece, wool شَعْرُ الْغَنَم -

woollen, fleecy, woolly, wool صُوْفِيّ – مَصْنُوْعٌ مِنَ الصُّوْفِ – أو مَنْصُوْبٌ إلَيْهِ -

sufi, mystic  صُوْفِيّ – وَاحِدُ الصُّوْفِيِّيْن – أو الصّوفيّة  -

sufsi, mystics   -  صُوْفِيُّوْن - مُتَصَوَّفُوْن  -

sufism, mysticism صُوْفِيّة - تَصَوُّف  -

manfoosh - nafshath, nafakha   مَنْفُوْش  -  نَفْشَتْ  -  نَفَخَ - - Means- to tease, card

comb - cotton, wool, etc. – مَنْ فُوْش  -  مُنَفَّش

to make fluffy, to puffup, inflate swell, distend نَفَخَ  عَظَّمَ  -

to blow a trumpet... نَفَخَ فِى الْبُوْق - الصُّوْر  -

فَإِذَا نُفِخَ فِي الصُّورِ فَلا أَنْسَابَ بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَلا يَتَسَاءَلُونَ

23.101 Then when the Trumpet is blown, there will be no more relationships between them that Day, nor will one ask after another!

وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَى هَذَا الْوَعْدُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ

36.48 Further, they say, "When will this promise (come to pass), if what ye say is true?"

مَا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلا صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً تَأْخُذُهُمْ وَهُمْ يَخِصِّمُونَ

36.49 They will not (have to) wait for aught but a single Blast: it will seize them while they are yet disputing among themselves!

Blow out a Candle –نَفَخَ الشَّمَعْ

To Breathe Life into – revive, vivify – enliven. نَفَخَ فِيْهِ رُوْحًا أوْ حَيَاةً -

نَفَخَ  شِدْ قَيْهِ  -  تَكَبَّرَ

Puffed up with pride - - over proud – conceited – haughtiness.

الَّذِي خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ طِبَاقًا مَا تَرَى فِي خَلْقِ الرَّحْمَنِ مِنْ تَفَاوُتٍ فَارْجِعِ الْبَصَرَ هَلْ تَرَى مِنْ فُطُورٍ

67.3 He Who created the seven heavens one above another: No want of proportion wilt thou see in the Creation of (Allah) Most Gracious. So turn thy vision again: seest thou any flaw?

أَلَمْ تَرَوْا كَيْفَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ طِبَاقًا

71.15 "'See ye not how Allah has created the seven heavens one above another,

Interpretting this Ayath – this verse with the synonyms and the various meanings, we get :

The mountains, the icebergs, the volconoes, all will be shredded and scattered lake carded wool.- Imagine lava flying like wool.

What that has been molded, fashioned, formed, shaped and framed will be scattered like carded wool, like dust.

We created you natural, simple,   plain unadorned and ordinary with natural rights and you were a natural person governed by natural laws, laws of nature, laws of sciences., but today, your very living matter, your disposition, your structure and your composition will be shattered to smithereens  and you will be flying like dust and carded wool and carded cotton.

The very same structure that we set you up with, the natural resources, the infrastructure, the substructure, the geophysics, the superstructure, will collapse and you will be scattered like, dust, like volcanic dust, like the cosmic dust.

Your physical geography will be destroyed.  Your very protoplasm, the living matter, the physical basis of life and you will be returned to that which you were first formed - your very essence, the very quiddity, the very quintessence will be completely and certainly destroyed, Tattered and scattered.

That is the day the very nature of things that were created, everything will suffer a terrible destruction - destruction to the core, destruction to the pith, the marrow, the intrtrinsic nature.  every atom will be destroyed, tattered, shattered and scattered.

والناس كُلُّهُم  بنو آدم وآدم من تراب".”

Men, everyone of them, are children of Aadam. and Aadam was from dust. (Trmizi-Abu Dawud)

The various Aayaths in the Holy Qur’an in which the Four words – Thakoon, Jibaal, Ihn and Manfoosh [نكون – جبال - عهن - منفوش] are given below :

The variation combinations of Thakoon are contained in 76 Verses of which

Thakoon:(28) 101.5; 70:8,9; 31.63; 28.37, 19; 27.41; 25.8, 43; 17.91; 16.92; 15.32; 12.85; 11.46; 10.61, 78; 8.7, 36, 39; 6.135; 5.71, 5:114; 4.29; 2.193, 266, 282.

Jabal (39) – comprising of the following combinations (aljibaal-30, jibal-2, jabal-3, al-jabal-2, kaljibal-1;  al-jibiullah=-1, jibillan-1, liljabal-1

7.74; 11.42; 13.31; 14.46; 15.82; 16.6`8; 17.37; 18.47; 19.90; *20.105; 21.79; 22.18; 24.43; 26.149; 27.88; 33.72; 34.10; 35.27; 38.18; 52.10; 56.5; 69.14; 70.9; 73.14; 77.10; 78.47, 20; 79.32; 81.3; 88.19; 101.5;  2:260; 7.143, 171; 11.43; 59.21, 26.184; 36.62; 70.9; 101.5

‘ihn (2) 2.260; 101.5

Manfoosh 101.5; nafshath:21:78  (2)

We shall give you a few of them for reflection:

نَكُوْن

10.61 وَمَا تَكُونُ فِي شَأْنٍ وَمَا تَتْلُو مِنْهُ مِنْ قُرْآنٍ وَلا تَعْمَلُونَ مِنْ عَمَلٍ إِلا كُنَّا عَلَيْكُمْ شُهُودًا إِذْ تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ وَمَا يَعْزُبُ عَنْ رَبِّكَ مِنْ مِثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ فِي الأرْضِ وَلا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَلا أَصْغَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَلا أَكْبَرَ إِلا فِي كِتَابٍ مُبِينٍ

10.61 In whatever business thou mayest be, and whatever portion thou mayest be reciting from the Qur’an,- and whatever deed ye (mankind) may be doing,- We are witnesses thereof when ye are deeply engrossed therein. Nor is hidden from thy Lord (so much as) the weight of an atom on the earth or in heaven. And not the least and not the greatest of these things but are recorded in a clear record.

10.78 قَالُوا أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَلْفِتَنَا عَمَّا وَجَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ آبَاءَنَا وَتَكُونَ لَكُمَا الْكِبْرِيَاءُ فِي الأرْضِ وَمَا نَحْنُ لَكُمَا بِمُؤْمِنِينَ

10.78 They said: “Hast thou come to us to turn us away from the ways we found our fathers following,- in order that thou and thy brother may have greatness in the land? But not we shall believe in you!”

12.85 قَالُوا تَاللَّهِ تَفْتَأُ تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى تَكُونَ حَرَضًا أَوْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْهَالِكِينَ

12.85 They said: “By Allah! (never) wilt thou cease to remember Joseph until thou reach the last extremity of illness, or until thou die!”

15.32 قَالَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ مَا لَكَ أَلا تَكُونَ مَعَ السَّاجِدِينَ

15.32 (Allah) said: “O Iblis! what is your reason for not being among those who prostrated themselves?”

15.33 قَالَ لَمْ أَكُنْ لأسْجُدَ لِبَشَرٍ خَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ صَلْصَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ

15.33 (Iblis) said: “I am not one to prostrate myself to man, whom Thou didst create from sounding clay, from mud moulded into shape.”

16.92 وَلا تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهَا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكَاثًا تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمَانَكُمْ دَخَلا بَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ أُمَّةٌ هِيَ أَرْبَى مِنْ أُمَّةٍ إِنَّمَا يَبْلُوكُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَلَيُبَيِّنَنَّ لَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مَا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ

16.92 And be not like a woman who breaks into untwisted strands the yarn which she has spun, after it has become strong. Nor take your oaths to practise deception between yourselves, lest one party should be more numerous than another: for Allah will test you by this; and on the Day of Judgment He will certainly make clear to you (the truth of) that wherein ye disagree.

25.8 أَوْ يُلْقَى إِلَيْهِ كَنْزٌ أَوْ تَكُونُ لَهُ جَنَّةٌ يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ الظَّالِمُونَ إِنْ تَتَّبِعُونَ إِلا رَجُلا مَسْحُورًا

25.8 “Or (Why) has not a treasure been bestowed on him, or why has he (not) a garden for enjoyment?” The wicked say: “Ye follow none other than a man bewitched.”

33.63 يَسْأَلُكَ النَّاسُ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قُلْ إِنَّمَا عِلْمُهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّ السَّاعَةَ تَكُونُ قَرِيبًا

33.63 Men ask thee concerning the Hour: Say, “The knowledge thereof is with Allah (alone)”:  and what will make thee understand?- perchance the Hour is nigh!

70.8 يَوْمَ تَكُونُ السَّمَاءُ كَالْمُهْلِ

70.8 The Day that the sky will be like molten brass,

70.9 وَتَكُونُ الْجِبَالُ كَالْعِهْنِ

70.9 And the mountains will be like wool,

Now we give you the Aayaths containing word “Jabal” and its derivatives.

13.31 وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الأرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتَى بَلْ لِلَّهِ الأمْرُ جَمِيعًا أَفَلَمْ يَيْأَسِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ لَوْ يَشَاءُ اللَّهُ لَهَدَى النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَلا يَزَالُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا تُصِيبُهُمْ بِمَا صَنَعُوا قَارِعَةٌ أَوْ تَحُلُّ قَرِيبًا مِنْ دَارِهِمْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ وَعْدُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لا يُخْلِفُ الْمِيعَادَ

13.31 If there were a Qur’an with which mountains were moved, or the earth were cloven asunder, or the dead were made to speak, (this would be the one!) But, truly, the command is with Allah in all things! Do not the Believers know, that, had Allah (so) willed, He could have guided all mankind (to the right)? But the Unbelievers,- never will disaster cease to seize them for their (ill) deeds, or to settle close to their homes, until the promise of Allah come to pass, for, verily, Allah will not fail in His promise.

14.46 وَقَدْ مَكَرُوا مَكْرَهُمْ وَعِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَكْرُهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَكْرُهُمْ لِتَزُولَ مِنْهُ الْجِبَالُ

14.46 Mighty indeed were the plots which they made, but their plots were (well) within the sight of Allah, even though they were such as to shake the hills!

15.82 وَكَانُوا يَنْحِتُونَ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا آمِنِينَ

15.82 Out of the mountains did they hew (their) edifices, (feeling themselves) secure.

16.68 وَأَوْحَى رَبُّكَ إِلَى النَّحْلِ أَنِ اتَّخِذِي مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا وَمِنَ الشَّجَرِ وَمِمَّا يَعْرِشُونَ

16.68 And thy Lord taught the Bee to build its cells in hills, on trees, and in (men’s) habitations;

17.37 وَلا تَمْشِ فِي الأرْضِ مَرَحًا إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَخْرِقَ الأرْضَ وَلَنْ تَبْلُغَ الْجِبَالَ طُولا

17.37 Nor walk on the earth with insolence: for thou canst not rend the earth asunder, nor reach the mountains in height.

20.105 وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْجِبَالِ فَقُلْ يَنْسِفُهَا رَبِّي نَسْفًا

20.105 They ask thee concerning the Mountains: say, “My Lord will uproot them and scatter them as dust;

20.106 فَيَذَرُهَا قَاعًا صَفْصَفًا

20.106 “He will leave them as plains smooth and level;

20.107 لا تَرَى فِيهَا عِوَجًا وَلا أَمْتًا

20.107 “Nothing crooked or curved wilt thou see in their place.”

27.88 وَتَرَى الْجِبَالَ تَحْسَبُهَا جَامِدَةً وَهِيَ تَمُرُّ مَرَّ السَّحَابِ صُنْعَ اللَّهِ الَّذِي أَتْقَنَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ إِنَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَفْعَلُونَ

27.88 Thou seest the mountains and thinkest them firmly fixed: but they shall pass away as the clouds pass away: (such is) the artistry of Allah, who disposes of all things in perfect order: for he is well acquainted with all that ye do.

33.72 إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا الأمَانَةَ عَلَى السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ وَالْجِبَالِ فَأَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَحْمِلْنَهَا وَأَشْفَقْنَ مِنْهَا وَحَمَلَهَا الإنْسَانُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ ظَلُومًا جَهُولا

33.72 We did indeed offer the Trust to the Heavens and the Earth and the Mountains; but they refused to undertake it, being afraid thereof: but man undertook it;- He was indeed unjust and foolish;-

38.18 إِنَّا سَخَّرْنَا الْجِبَالَ مَعَهُ يُسَبِّحْنَ بِالْعَشِيِّ وَالإشْرَاقِ

38.18 It was We that made the hills declare, in unison with him, Our Praises, at eventide and at break of day,

52.7 إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ لَوَاقِعٌ

52.7 Verily, the Doom of thy Lord will indeed come to pass;-

52.8 مَا لَهُ مِنْ دَافِعٍ

52.8 There is none can avert it;-

52.9 يَوْمَ تَمُورُ السَّمَاءُ مَوْرًا

52.9 On the Day when the firmament will be in dreadful commotion.

52.10 وَتَسِيرُ الْجِبَالُ سَيْرًا

52.10 And the mountains will fly hither and thither.

56.4 إِذَا رُجَّتِ الأرْضُ رَجًّا

56.4 When the earth shall be shaken to its depths,

56.5 وَبُسَّتِ الْجِبَالُ بَسًّا

56.5 And the mountains shall be crumbled to atoms,

56.6 فَكَانَتْ هَبَاءً مُنْبَثًّا

56.6 Becoming dust scattered abroad,

69.14 وَحُمِلَتِ الأرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ فَدُكَّتَا دَكَّةً وَاحِدَةً

69.14 And the earth is moved, and its mountains, and they are crushed to powder at one stroke,-

69.15 فَيَوْمَئِذٍ وَقَعَتِ الْوَاقِعَةُ

69.15 On that Day shall the (Great) Event come to pass.

73.14 يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الأرْضُ وَالْجِبَالُ وَكَانَتِ الْجِبَالُ كَثِيبًا مَهِيلا

73.14 One Day the earth and the mountains will be in violent commotion. And the mountains will be as a heap of sand poured out and flowing down.

77.10 وَإِذَا الْجِبَالُ نُسِفَتْ

77.10 When the mountains are scattered (to the winds) as dust;

78.7 وَالْجِبَالَ أَوْتَادًا

78.7 And the mountains as pegs?

78.20 وَسُيِّرَتِ الْجِبَالُ فَكَانَتْ سَرَابًا

78.20 And the mountains shall vanish, as if they were a mirage.

79.32 وَالْجِبَالَ أَرْسَاهَا

79.32 And the mountains hath He firmly fixed;-

81.3 وَإِذَا الْجِبَالُ سُيِّرَتْ

81.3 When the mountains vanish (like a mirage);

88.19 وَإِلَى الْجِبَالِ كَيْفَ نُصِبَتْ

88.19 And at the Mountains, how they are fixed firm?-

Other expressions of the word جبل

59.21 لَوْ أَنْزَلْنَا هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ لَرَأَيْتَهُ خَاشِعًا مُتَصَدِّعًا مِنْ خَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ وَتِلْكَ الأمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ

59.21 Had We sent down this Qur’an on a mountain, verily, thou wouldst have seen it humble itself and cleave asunder for fear of Allah. Such are the similitudes which We propound to men, that they may reflect.

You can see even the mountain splits for fear of Allah – but look at man who always succumbs to the demands of Shaithaan -  and the warning :

26.184 وَاتَّقُوا الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ وَالْجِبِلَّةَ الأوَّلِينَ

26.184 “And fear Him Who created you and (who created) the generations before (you)”

36.62 وَلَقَدْ أَضَلَّ مِنْكُمْ جِبِلا كَثِيرًا أَفَلَمْ تَكُونُوا تَعْقِلُونَ

36.62 “But he did lead astray a great multitude of you. Did ye not, then, understand?

Let us now look at the ayath on the word عهن

2.260 وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ أَرِنِي كَيْفَ تُحْيِ الْمَوْتَى قَالَ أَوَلَمْ تُؤْمِنْ قَالَ بَلَى وَلَكِنْ لِيَطْمَئِنَّ قَلْبِي قَالَ فَخُذْ أَرْبَعَةً مِنَ الطَّيْرِ فَصُرْهُنَّ إِلَيْكَ ثُمَّ اجْعَلْ عَلَى كُلِّ جَبَلٍ مِنْهُنَّ جُزْءًا ثُمَّ ادْعُهُنَّ يَأْتِينَكَ سَعْيًا وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

2.260 When Abraham said: “Show me, Lord, how You will raise the dead, ” He replied: “Have you no faith?”  He said “Yes, but just to reassure my heart.”  Allah said, “Take four birds, draw them to you, and cut their bodies to pieces.  Scatter them over the mountain-tops, then call them back.  They will come swiftly to you.  Know that Allah is Mighty, Wise.”

The Ayaaths on منفوش  and   نفشتmeaning carded wool or tufts of wool

21.78 وَدَاوُدَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ وَكُنَّا لِحُكْمِهِمْ شَاهِدِينَ

21.78 And remember David and Solomon, when they gave judgment in the matter of the field into which the sheep of certain people had strayed by night: We did witness their judgment.

21.79 فَفَهَّمْنَاهَا سُلَيْمَانَ وَكُلا آتَيْنَا حُكْمًا وَعِلْمًا وَسَخَّرْنَا مَعَ دَاوُدَ الْجِبَالَ يُسَبِّحْنَ وَالطَّيْرَ وَكُنَّا فَاعِلِينَ

21.79 To Solomon We inspired the (right) understanding of the matter: to each (of them) We gave Judgment and Knowledge; it was Our power that made the hills and the birds celebrate Our praises, with David: it was We Who did (all these things).

This is the incident which resulted in this revelation:

Here the sheep on account of the negligence of the shepherd, got into a cultivated field by night and consumed the young plants causing damage to the extent of perhaps a whole year’s crop. Dawood (A) was king, and in his seat of judgment he considered the matter so serious that he awarded the owner of the field the entire flock of sheep in compensation for the damage.

The roman law of twelve tables and the deodand doctrine of english law was built on the same principle – this is now obsolete.

The son of Dawood (A), Hazreth Sulaiman (A) a mere boy of eleven thought of a better decision – where the penalty would be equitable with the damage.  The loss was the loss of fruits or produce of the field – the property was not lost – the corpus of the property was not lost.  The suggestion of Dawood (A) was that the owner of the field or vineyard should not take the sheep altogether but only detain them long enough to recoup his actual losses from the milk, wool, and possibly young of the sheep and then return the sheep to the shepherd.

The merit of Dawood (A) lies in the acceptance of the suggestion, even though it came from a little boy.  The merit of Sulaiman was that he distinguished between corpus and income and though the boy, did not feel shy to put his case before his father – It was Allah who inspired the true realization and justice. Because  Allah is witness to all things.

We shall wind up with an anecdote and some advise.

Hazreth Maalik ibn Dinar. (Rahmathullaahi Alaihi) was travelling and had to cross a desert.  And he was feeling extremely thirsty. When he crossed the desert he saw a jungle like area full of greenery.  As he entered the jungle area he saw a number of Deer drinking water most probably at a water hole.  He hastened towards the place where the deer were and the deer ran away.  When he got close to the place, he found that it was a well and the water was deep down.  Beside the well was a bucket and a rope.  He looked around and he saw a t a distance a small village and concluded that the people of this village must be getting their water from this well and hence the water-bucket and the rope.  But he saw the deer drinking off from the surface as though the water had risen to the top.  He looks towards heaven and raises his hands and says “Ya Allah  – it is we who worship you, bow down in sujood and seek everything from you – but I saw the deer drinking water from the surface of the well and we have to use a bucket and rope to draw our water.”

He suddenly hears a voice – saying:  “Oh Malik, the deer you mention, have placed their absolute trust in me for everything – so I raised the water to the level of the mouth of the well for it to drink easily.  You – generally human beings, their trust is not that absolute.  They place their trust on a bucket to draw the water.  So you had better use the bucket and the rope to draw your water to quench your thirst.”

Think, reflect, ponder and contemplate.

A great saint and sage Hazreth Hassan-al-Basri (R) advises:

1. Do not move away from your religious practices out of fear of antagonists who condemn you.  They condemn even the Lord.

2. The end of the world and the beginning of the life to come is the tomb

Hazreth Ibrahim ibn Adham was asked : “What is the reason that our prayers – and supplications are not accepted?”

Ibrahim answered : Your prayers and supplications are not accepted because:

1. You recognize the Lord, yet you do not follow and obey his commandments

2. You study the scriptures, but you do not even attempt at what you are asked to do.

3. You enjoy the gifts of the Lord, but you do not offer gratitude to him.

4. You want to enter heaven but your actions do not show that you want to avoid hell and enter heaven.

5. You know the devil is your enemy but you do not deal with him as such

6. You know death must over – take you but you make no preparations for it.

7. You consign your dead parents to the grave and yet you do not take any lesson from the incident and feel as if you are immortal.

8. You know that you have many faults – yet you try to find fault with others.

وَإِذْ قُلْنَا ادْخُلُوا هَذِهِ الْقَرْيَةَ فَكُلُوا مِنْهَا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ رَغَدًا وَادْخُلُوا الْبَابَ سُجَّدًا وَقُولُوا حِطَّةٌ نَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ خَطَايَاكُمْ وَسَنَزِيدُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ

2.58 And remember We said: “Enter this town, and eat of the plenty therein as ye wish; but enter the gate with humility, in posture and in words, and We shall forgive you your faults and increase (the portion of) those who do good.”

فَبَدَّلَ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا قَوْلا غَيْرَ الَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمْ فَأَنْزَلْنَا عَلَى الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا رِجْزًا مِنَ السَّمَاءِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْسُقُونَ

2.59 But the transgressors changed the word from that which had been given them; so We sent on the transgressors a plague from heaven, for that they infringed (Our command) repeatedly.

We shall – continue this subject next week – Insha Allah.

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